List of state leaders in 1999

Africa

• Algeria
  • President -
    1. Liamine Zéroual, President of Algeria (1994–1999)
    2. Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Smail Hamdani , Prime Minister of Algeria (1998–1999)
    2. Ahmed Benbitour, Prime Minister of Algeria (1999–2000)
• Angola -
  • President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Fernando José de Franca Dias van Dúnem , Prime Minister of Angola (1996–29 January 1999)
    2. Position eliminated
• Botswana
  • President - Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998-present)
• Burkina Faso
  • President - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987-present)
  • Prime Minister - Kadré Désiré Ouedraogo , Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (1996-2000)
• Djibouti -
  • President -
    1. Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President of Djibouti (1977–1999)
    2. Ismail Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978–2001)
• Eritrea - Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea (1993-present)
• Ethiopia
  • President - Negasso Gidada, President of Ethiopia (1995-2001)
  • Prime Minister - Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995-present)
• Gabon
  • President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967-present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Paulin Obame-Nguema , Prime Minister of Gabon (1994-1999)
    2. Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane, Prime Minister of Gabon (1999-present)
• Guinea
  • President - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Sidia Touré , Prime Minister of Guinea (1996–1999)
    2. Lamine Sidimé, Prime Minister of Guinea (1999–2004)
• Kenya - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978-2002)
• Lesotho
  • Monarch - Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996-present)
  • Prime Minister - Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998-present)
• Liberia - Charles Taylor, President of Liberia (1997-2003)
• Rwanda
  • President - Pasteur Bizimungu, President of Rwanda (1994-2000)
  • Prime Minister - Pierre-Célestin Rwigema , Prime Minister of Rwanda (1995-2000)
• Uganda -
  • President - Yoweri Museveni, Chairman of the miltary council (1986-present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Kinto Musoke , Prime Minister of Uganda (1994-1999)
    2. Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999-present)
• Zambia
  • President - Frederick Chiluba, President of Zambia (1991–2002)
• Zimbabwe - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–present)

Asia

• Afghanistan
  • Head of State/Government (Taliban)-
    • Mullah Mohammad Rabbani, Head of the Taliban Supreme Council (1996–2001)
    • Mullah Mohammad Omar, Head of State (1996–2001)
  • Head of State/Government (Northern Alliance) - Burhanuddin Rabbani, President of Afghanistan (1992–2001)
• Brunei
  • Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
  • Prime Minister - Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
• People's Republic of China
  • Communist Party Leader- Jiang Zemin, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (1989–2002)
  • President - Jiang Zemin, President of the People's Republic of China (1993–2003)
  • Premier - Zhu Rongji, Premier of the State Council (1998–2003)
  • Hong Kong - Tung Chee Hwa, Chief Executive of Hong Kong (1997–present)
  • Macau - Edmund Ho, Chief Executive of Macau (1999–present)
• India -
  • President - Kocheril Raman Narayanan, President of India (1997–2002)
  • Prime Minister - Atal Behari Vajpayee, Prime Minister of India (1998–present)
• Iran
  • Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
  • President - Mohammad Khatami, President of Iran (1997–present)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989-present)
  • Prime Minister - Keizo Obuchi, Prime Minister of Japan (1998–2000)
• North Korea
  • Dear Leader - Kim Jong-il, Chairman of the National Defense Commission (1993-present)
  • Head of State (de facto) - Kim Yong-nam, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly (1998-present)
  • Premier - Hong Song-nam , Premier of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1997–2003)
• South Korea
  • President - Kim Dae-jung, President of the Republic of Korea (1998–2003)
  • Prime Minister - Kim Jong Pil, Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea (1998–2000)
• Mongolia
  • President - Natsagiyn Bagabandi, President of Mongolia (1997-present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Janlavyn Narantsatsralt , Prime Minister of Mongolia (1998–1999)
    2. Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa, ActingPrime Minister of Mongolia (1999)
    3. Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal , Prime Minister of Mongolia (1999–2000)
• Nepal
  • Monarch - Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Girija Prasad Koirala, Prime Minister of Nepal (1998-1999)
    2. Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, Prime Minister of Nepal (1999–2000)
• Pakistan -
  • President - Mohammad Rafiq Tarar, President of Pakistan (1998–2001)
  • Head of Government -
    1. Nawaz Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan (1997–1999)
    2. Pervez Musharraf, Chief Executive of Pakistan (1999–2002)
• Singapore
  • President -
    1. Ong Teng Cheong, President of Singapore (1993-1999)
    2. S.R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999-present)
  • Prime Minister - Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Singapore (1990-2004)
• Taiwan (Republic of China)
  • President - Lee Teng-hui, President of the Republic of China (1988–2000)
  • Premier - Vincent Siew, President of the Executive Yuan (1997–2000)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir William Deane, Governor-General of Australia (1996–2001)
  • Prime Minister - John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia (1996–present)

• Fiji -
  • President - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, President of Fiji (16 December, 1993–29 May, 2000)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Sitiveni Rabuka, Prime Minister of Fiji (2 June, 1992–19 May, 1999)
    2. Mahendra Chaudhry, Prime Minister of Fiji (19 May, 1999–27 May, 2000)

• New Zealand
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand, (1953 - present)
  • Governor-General - The Rt Hon. Sir Michael Hardie Boys, (1996 - 2001)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jenny Shipley, Prime Minister of New Zealand, (8 December 1997 - 5 December 1999)
    2. Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand, (5 December 1999 - present)

• Tuvalu
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Tomasi Puapua, Governor-General of Tuvalu (1998–2003)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Bikenibeu Paeniu , Prime Minister of Tuvalu (1996–1999)
    2. Ionatana Ionatana, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (1999–2000)

Europe

• Albania
  • President - Rexhep Meidani, President of Albania (1997–2002)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Pandeli Majko, Prime Minister of Albania (1998–1999)
    2. Ilir Meta, Prime Minister of Albania (1999–2002)
• Belgium
  • King - Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Jean-Luc Dehaene, Prime Minister of Belgium (1992–1999)
    2. Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–present)
• Czech Republic -
  • President - Václav Havel, President of the Czech Republic (1993–2003)
  • Prime Minister - Miloš Zeman, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (1998–2002)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
  • Prime Minister - Poul Nyrup Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (1993–2001)
• Estonia
  • President - Lennart Meri, President of Estonia (1992 – 2001)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mart Siimann, Prime Minister of Estonia (1997 – 1999)
    2. Mart Laar, Prime Minister of Estonia (1999 – 2002)
• Finland
  • President - Martti Ahtisaari, President of Finland, (1994–2000)
  • Prime Minister - Paavo Lipponen, Prime Minister of Finland, (1995–2003)
• France -
  • President - Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–present)
  • Prime Minister - Lionel Jospin, Prime Minister of France (1997–2002)
• Germany -
  • President -
    1. Roman Herzog, President of Germany (1994–1999)
    2. Johannes Rau, President of Germany (1999–2004)
  • Chancellor - Gerhard Schröder, Chancellor of Germany (1998–present)
• Ireland -
  • President - Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–present)
  • Prime Minister - Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach (1994–present)
• Italy -
  • President -
    1. Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, President of Italy (1992–1999)
    2. Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of Italy (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Massimo D'Alema, Prime Minister of Italy (1998–2000)
• Latvia -
  • President -
    1. Guntis Ulmanis, President of Latvia (1995–1999)
    2. Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, President of Latvia (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Vilis Krištopāns , Prime Minister of Latvia (1998–1999)
    2. Andris Šķēle , Prime Minister of Latvia (1999–2000)
• Poland -
  • President - Aleksander Kwasniewski, President of Poland (1995–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jerzy Buzek, Prime Minister of Poland (1997–2001)
• Sweden -
  • Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
  • Prime Minister - Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1996–present)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
  • Prime Minister - Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–present)
• Vatican City
  • Pope - John Paul II, Bishop of Rome (1978–2005)
  • Secretary of State - Angelo Cardinal Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–present)

Middle East

• Egypt -
  • President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Kamal Ganzouri, Prime Minister of Egypt (1996-1999)
    2. Atef Ebeid, Prime Minister of Egypt (1999-2004)
• Israel
  • President - Ezer Weizman, President of Israel (1993–2000)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Benjamin Netanyahu, Prime Minister of Israel (1996–1999)
    2. Ehud Barak, Prime Minister of Israel (1999–2001)
• Oman - Qaboos Bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
• Yemen
  • President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister - Abdul Karim al-Iryani, Prime Minister of Yemen (1998–2001)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Roméo LeBlanc, Governor-General of Canada (1995–1999)
    2. Adrienne Clarkson, Governor-General of Canada (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jean Chrétien, Prime Minister of Canada (1993–2003)
  • See also: 1999 Canadian incumbents
• Trinidad and Tobago -
  • President - Arthur N.R. Robinson, President of Trinidad and Tobago (1997-2003)
  • Prime Minister - Basdeo Panday, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1995-2001)
• Mexico - Ernesto Zedillo, President of Mexico (1994–2000)
• United States - Bill Clinton, President of the United States (1993–2001)

South America

• Argentina -
  • President
    1. Carlos Menem, President of Argentina (1989-December 10 1999)
    2. Fernando de la Rúa, President of Argentina(December 10 1999 - 2001)
• Bolivia -
  • President - Hugo Banzer Suárez, President of Bolivia (1997–2001)
• Brazil -
  • President - Fernando Henrique Cardoso, President of Brazil (1995–2003)
• Chile -
  • President - Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, President of Chile (1994-2000)
• Colombia
  • President - Andrés Pastrana Arango, President of Colombia (1998–2002)
• Ecuador -
  • President - Jamil Mahuad Witt , President of Ecuador (1998-2000)
• Guyana -
  • President -
    1. Janet Jagan, President of Guyana (1997-August 11 1999)
    2. Bharrat Jagdeo, President of Guyana (August 11 1999 - present)
• Paraguay -
  • President -
    1. Raúl Cubas Grau, President of Paraguay (1998 - March 29 1999)
    2. Luis Ángel González, President of Paraguay (March 30 1999 - 2003)
• Peru -
  • President - Alberto Fujimori, President of Peru (1990-2000)
• Suriname -
  • President - Jules Wijdenbosch, President of Suriname (1996-2000)
• Uruguay -
  • President - Julio María Sanguinetti Coirolo, President of Uruguay (1995-2000)
• Venezuela -
  • President -
    1. Rafael Caldera, President of Venezuela (1994-1999)
    2. Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuala (1999- present)