The Chanson d'Antioche is a chanson de geste in 9000 lines of poetry in stanzas called laisses, composed about 1180 for a courtly French audience. It was one of two quasi-historical cycles of epic poems inspired by the events of 1097 – 1099, the climax of the First Crusade: the conquest of Antioch and of Jerusalem and the origins of the Crusader states. A second cycle, of the 14th century, was far more fabulous and embroidered, more distinctly romance than epic.
The subject is the preaching of the First Crusade, the preparations for departure, the tearful goodbyes, the arrival at Constantinople and the siege and taking of Antioch.
The lost original poem was said to have been composed by an eye-witness, Richard le Pèlerin, ("Richard the Pilgrim"), a North French or Flemish trouvère, who beganit partly on the spot, during the eight month siege of Antioch. Then it was recast by Graindor de Douai, a contemporary of Louis VII of France. Graindor borrowed details from the chroniclers to make his work more lively and more accurate, for his object from the start was to tell the true praiseworthy tale, not cozen his listeners of their coin:
- Seignor, oïés canchon, qui moult fait à loer
- Par itel convenant la vos puis-je conter...
- Je ne vous vorrai mie mensonges raconter
- Ne fables, ne paroles pour vos deniers embler
- Ains vous dirai canchon où il n'a hamender
- Del barnage de Franche qui tant fait à loer!
Such claims of truth-telling are part of the poet's epic repertory. Hyperbole and epic lists are other major features in this chanson: the poet takes care to mention every knightly name that would cause a rustle of recognition among his hearers, in a tradition as old as Homer, with the result that the Chanson d'Antioche was taken as a literal document by heralds and genealogists of a later generation, and has won the admiration of historians (see links).
Crusade cycles had a wide medieval audience: free translations and versions of the Chanson d'Antioche appeared in in Spanish, English, Dutch, and German. The other chanson at the center of this crusades cycle is the Chanson de Jerusalem featuring Godfrey of Bouillon.
The Chanson d'Antioche was forgotten, until it was printed and published in 1848 by Alexis Paulin Paris, at the height of the Romantic Gothic Revival. The most recent edition is La Chanson d'Antioche edited by Suzanne Duparc-Quioc, Paris 1977
External link
