Brookhaven National Laboratory, is a national laboratory located in Upton, New York on Long Island, and was formally established in 1947 at the site of a former U.S. Army base. Brookhaven is operated for the United States Department of Energy by Brookhaven Science Associates. It is staffed by over 3,000 scientists, engineers, technicians, and support personnel, and hosts 4,000 guest investigators every year. Discoveries made at the lab have won six Nobel Prizes.
Facilities at Brookhaven Lab include the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, designed for research into a quark-gluon plasma, two synchrotrons, and two cyclotrons used to produce radioactive materials for medical applications. Areas of research include nuclear and high-energy physics, structural biology, and nuclear nonproliferation .
Accidental, unpublicized leakage of tritium into the groundwater during the 1990s angered people living near the lab, and led to management changes.
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