Bhāskara (1114-1185), also called Bhāskara II and Bhāskarācārya ("Bhaskara the teacher") was an Indian mathematician. He was born near Bijjada Bida in Bijapur near Mysore district, Karnataka and became head of the astronomical observatory at Ujjain, continuing the mathematical tradition of Varahamihira and Brahmagupta.
His main works are the Lilavati (dealing with arithmetic, and supposedly written in the memory of his daughter), Bijaganita (algebra) and Siddhantasiromani which consists of two parts: Goladhyaya (sphere) and Grahaganita (mathematics of the planets).
He developed a proof of the Pythagorean Theorem by calculating the same area in two different ways and then canceling out terms to get a^2 + b^2 = c^2.
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